Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Описание: In the wake of modern genocide, we tend to think of violence against minorities as a sign of intolerance, or, even worse, a prelude to extermination. Violence in the Middle Ages, however, functioned differently, according to David Nirenberg. In this provocative book, he focuses on specific attacks against minorities in fourteenth-century France and
Автор: Moses A. Dirk Название: The Problems of Genocide ISBN: 1107503124 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107503120 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5069.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: A. Dirk Moses historically delineates the problems of genocide as a concept in relation to rival categories of mass violence, like crimes against humanity and war crimes, and suggests an alternative understanding of the causes and categorization of civilian destruction.
Автор: Collins R Название: Violence ISBN: 0691143226 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691143224 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 5544.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Argues that violent confrontation goes against human physiological hardwiring. This book challenges standard views about the root causes of violence and offers solutions for confronting it in the future. It guides readers into the disturbing world of human discord - from domestic abuse and schoolyard bullying to muggings, and armed conflicts.
Автор: Collins Randall Название: Explosive Conflict: Time-Dynamics of Violence ISBN: 1032157704 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781032157702 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 4898.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: What determines how long conflict lasts and how much damage it does? Inequality and hostility are not enough to explain when and where violence breaks out. Collins shows what makes some protests more violent than others and why some revolutions are swift and non-violent tipping-points while others devolve into lengthy civil wars.
Автор: Greitens Название: Dictators and their Secret Police ISBN: 1316505316 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781316505311 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 3802.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book will be used in advanced undergraduate courses and graduate seminars on East Asia, authoritarianism, contentious politics, human rights, comparative politics, protest and repression, and international relations.
Автор: Brown, Warren C. Название: Violence in Medieval Europe ISBN: 1405811641 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781405811644 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 8879.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Medieval Violence is generally cast by modern popular media in two contradictory ways: either as a reflection of medieval brutality and lawlessness or as the basis for a romantic life of freedom, glory and honour. This book will introduce students to the questions and evidence that are driving current debates about whether and to what degree violence characterized medieval Europe. * This is the first book to draw together a diverse scholarship into a narrative about violence across the entire Middle Ages.
* Warren Brown includes many real life examples to capture the imagination of the student and the interested reader* Provides a synthesis of recent and classic scholarship about medieval violence, conflict, and power in all of the relevant languages and is based on primary sources that are readily available in English translationThe author focuses on violence used by individuals or small groups within a given society as a tool for achieving personal or political ends and/or for expressing emotion. The question of violence understood in this way dominates current efforts to understand power and political order in medieval societies. For example, it occupies centre stage in debates over the co-called 'feudal revolution' of the first millennium and over the development of national states in the later Middle Ages.
These discussions hinge on the following questions: did violence subvert political order or help to uphold and maintain it? How did the relationship between violence and political order change over time? What did 'peace' mean and what did violence have to do with it? Scholars have often told the story of violence and power in the Middle Ages as one in which 'private' violence threatened and sometimes destroyed 'public' order. Yet some academics are asking to what degree violence that we might call 'private', in contrast to the violence wielded by a central authority, might have been part of a viable alternative or complementary order, or at least might have been understood and legitimised in this way by its practitioners. Following this line of thought, Warren C.
Brown will focus on the question of whether violence was an acceptable element of social and political relationships in medieval Europe, and, if so, when and how, and for whom. He will show that the story of medieval political order is in large part a story of conflict and competition over whose norms of violence would prevail and be broadly accepted as legitimate.
Описание: We live in a world where seemingly everything can be measured. We rely on indicators to translate social phenomena into simple, quantified terms, which in turn can be used to guide individuals, organizations, and governments in establishing policy. Yet counting things requires finding a way to make them comparable. And in the process of translating the confusion of social life into neat categories, we inevitably strip it of context and meaning--and risk hiding or distorting as much as we reveal.
With The Seductions of Quantification, leading legal anthropologist Sally Engle Merry investigates the techniques by which information is gathered and analyzed in the production of global indicators on human rights, gender violence, and sex trafficking. Although such numbers convey an aura of objective truth and scientific validity, Merry argues persuasively that measurement systems constitute a form of power by incorporating theories about social change in their design but rarely explicitly acknowledging them. For instance, the US State Department's Trafficking in Persons Report, which ranks countries in terms of their compliance with antitrafficking activities, assumes that prosecuting traffickers as criminals is an effective corrective strategy--overlooking cultures where women and children are frequently sold by their own families. As Merry shows, indicators are indeed seductive in their promise of providing concrete knowledge about how the world works, but they are implemented most successfully when paired with context-rich qualitative accounts grounded in local knowledge.
Автор: Elizabeth Frazer, Kimberly Hutchings Название: Violence and Political Theory ISBN: 1509536728 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781509536726 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 2533.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Is politics necessarily violent? Does the justifiability of violence depend on whether it is perpetrated to defend or upend the existing order - or perhaps on the way in which it is conducted? Is violence simply direct physical harm, or can it also be structural, symbolic, or epistemic? In this book, Elizabeth Frazer and Kimberley Hutchings explore how political theorists, from Niccolo Machiavelli to Elaine Scarry, have addressed these issues.
Автор: Sinisa Malesevic Название: Why Humans Fight: The Social Dynamics of Close-Range Violence ISBN: 1009162810 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781009162814 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4435.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Malesevic offers a novel sociological answer to the age-old question: `Why do humans fight?`. Instead of focusing on the motivations of individuals, this book emphasises the centrality of the social contexts that make fighting possible. It will appeal to students and scholars of war, violent crime, and inter-personal violence.
Автор: Whitehead Neil L Название: Virtual War and Magical Death ISBN: 0822354470 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780822354475 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 3945.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
Virtual War and Magical Death is a provocative examination of the relations between anthropology and contemporary global war. Several arguments unite the collected essays, which are based on ethnographic research in varied locations, including Guatemala, Uganda, and Tanzania, as well as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, and the United States. Foremost is the contention that modern high-tech warfare—as it is practiced and represented by the military, the media, and civilians—is analogous to rituals of magic and sorcery. Technologies of "virtual warfare," such as high-altitude bombing, remote drone attacks, night-vision goggles, and even music videoes and computer games that simulate battle, reproduce the imaginative worlds and subjective experiences of witchcraft, magic, and assault sorcery long studied by cultural anthropologists.
Another significant focus of the collection is the U.S. military's exploitation of ethnographic research, particularly through its controversial Human Terrain Systems (HTS) Program, which embeds anthropologists as cultural experts in military units. Several pieces address the ethical dilemmas that HTS and other counterinsurgency projects pose for anthropologists. Other essays reveal the relatively small scale of those programs in relation to the military's broader use of, and ambitions for, social scientific data. Contributors. Robertson Allen, Brian Ferguson, Sverker Finnström, Roberto J. González, David H. Price, Antonius Robben, Victoria Sanford, Jeffrey Sluka, Koen Stroeken, Matthew Sumera, Neil L. Whitehead
Автор: Carlos A. Cuevas, Callie Marie Rennison Название: The Wiley Handbook on the Psychology of Violence ISBN: 1118303156 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781118303153 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 20742.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: The Wiley Handbook on the Psychology of Violence features a collection of original readings, from an international cast of experts, that explore all major issues relating to the psychology of violence and aggressive behaviors.
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