Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Описание: In the wake of modern genocide, we tend to think of violence against minorities as a sign of intolerance, or, even worse, a prelude to extermination. Violence in the Middle Ages, however, functioned differently, according to David Nirenberg. In this provocative book, he focuses on specific attacks against minorities in fourteenth-century France and
Автор: Hinton Название: Genocide and Mass Violence ISBN: 1107694698 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107694699 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 5069.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: What are the effects of mass trauma and genocide, and how does recovery occur? How do responses and recovery processes vary across cultural groups and historical periods? This book examines the effects of genocide and mass violence by scrutinizing the interconnections of personal and social memory, symptoms, and recovery processes.
Автор: Collins R Название: Violence ISBN: 0691143226 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691143224 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 5544.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Argues that violent confrontation goes against human physiological hardwiring. This book challenges standard views about the root causes of violence and offers solutions for confronting it in the future. It guides readers into the disturbing world of human discord - from domestic abuse and schoolyard bullying to muggings, and armed conflicts.
Автор: Dwyer, Philip (director, Centre For The Study Of Violence, The University Of Newcastle) Название: Violence: a very short introduction ISBN: 0198831730 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198831730 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 1590.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Violence is part and parcel of both human history and nature. It is the one thing that all cultures and societies share in common. This book considers violence in the modern world, examining the ideas underpinning it, and the cultural context for violence over the last two centuries. It also asks if we are becoming more or less violent.
Описание: The Cambridge World History of Violence presents readers with an overview of the nature and the extent of violence across time and place, examining its causes, and considering the reasons for particular levels of violence at given moments of history. All four volumes are written by contributors who are experts in their fields.
Автор: Joseph Nevins Название: A Not-So-Distant Horror: Mass Violence in East Timor ISBN: 0801443067 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780801443060 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 18533.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание:
On August 30, 1999, in a United Nations-sponsored ballot, East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia and for an end to a brutal military occupation. Upon the announcement of the result, Indonesian troops and their paramilitary proxies launched a wave of terror that, over three weeks, resulted in the murder of more than 1,000 people, the rape of untold numbers of women and girls, the razing of 70 percent of the country's buildings and infrastructure, and the forcible deportation of 250,000 people. In recounting these horrible acts and the preceding events, Joseph Nevins shows that what took place was only the final scene in more than two decades of atrocities. More than 200,000 people, about a third of the population, lost their lives due to Indonesia's 1975 invasion and subsequent occupation, making the East Timorese case proportionately one of the worst episodes of genocide since World War II.
In A Not-So-Distant Horror, Nevins reveals the international complicity at the center of the East Timor tragedy. In his view, much if not all of the horror that plagued East Timor in 1999 and in the 24 preceding years could have been avoided had countries like Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, and especially the United States, not provided Indonesia with valuable political, economic, and military assistance, as well as diplomatic cover. The author explores issues of accountability for East Timor's plight and probes the meaning of what took place in terms of international institutions and law. Examining issues such as violence, the geography of memory, and social power, Nevins makes clear that the case of East Timor has much to tell us about the contemporary world order.
Описание: Theorists emphasize the necessity of writing about - or witnessing - trauma in order to overcome it. To this critical conversation, Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma: Confronting Race, Gender, and Violence in American Literature treats reader response to traumatic and testimonial literature written by and about African American women and adds insight into the engagement of testimonial literature. Eden Wales Freedman articulates a theory of reading (or dual-witnessing) that explores how narrators and readers can witness trauma together. She places these original theories of traumatic reception in conversation with the African American literary tradition to speak to the histories, cultures, and traumas of African Americans, particularly the repercussions of slavery, as witnessed in African American literature. The volume also considers intersections of race and gender and how narrators and readers can cross such constructs to witness collectively. Reading Testimony, Witnessing Trauma's innovative examinations of raced-gendered intersections open and speak with those works that promote dual-witnessing through the fraught (literary) histories of race and gender relations in America. To explicate how dual-witnessing converses with American literature, race theory, and gender criticism, the book analyzes emancipatory narratives by Sojourner Truth, Harriet Jacobs, and Elizabeth Keckley and novels by William Faulkner, Zora Neale Hurston, Margaret Walker, Toni Morrison, and Jesmyn Ward.
Автор: Sinisa Malesevic Название: Why Humans Fight: The Social Dynamics of Close-Range Violence ISBN: 1009162810 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781009162814 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4435.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Malesevic offers a novel sociological answer to the age-old question: `Why do humans fight?`. Instead of focusing on the motivations of individuals, this book emphasises the centrality of the social contexts that make fighting possible. It will appeal to students and scholars of war, violent crime, and inter-personal violence.
Автор: Heath Deana Название: Colonial Terror: Torture and State Violence in Colonial India ISBN: 0192893939 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780192893932 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 29485.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This title explores the legal role of torture and other violence as it was used in colonial ruling. It rigorously attempts to theorize the nature of this violence, including its materiality and its effects on the bodies of the colonized, and those who perpetrated it. This book provides a full examination of the history of torture in colonial India.
Описание: We live in a world where seemingly everything can be measured. We rely on indicators to translate social phenomena into simple, quantified terms, which in turn can be used to guide individuals, organizations, and governments in establishing policy. Yet counting things requires finding a way to make them comparable. And in the process of translating the confusion of social life into neat categories, we inevitably strip it of context and meaning--and risk hiding or distorting as much as we reveal.
With The Seductions of Quantification, leading legal anthropologist Sally Engle Merry investigates the techniques by which information is gathered and analyzed in the production of global indicators on human rights, gender violence, and sex trafficking. Although such numbers convey an aura of objective truth and scientific validity, Merry argues persuasively that measurement systems constitute a form of power by incorporating theories about social change in their design but rarely explicitly acknowledging them. For instance, the US State Department's Trafficking in Persons Report, which ranks countries in terms of their compliance with antitrafficking activities, assumes that prosecuting traffickers as criminals is an effective corrective strategy--overlooking cultures where women and children are frequently sold by their own families. As Merry shows, indicators are indeed seductive in their promise of providing concrete knowledge about how the world works, but they are implemented most successfully when paired with context-rich qualitative accounts grounded in local knowledge.
Автор: Shaw Jeffrey M., Demy Timothy J. Название: Jacques Ellul on Violence, Resistance, and War ISBN: 1498278884 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781498278881 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 3862.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
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