At first glance, the U.S. decision to escalate the war in Vietnam in the mid-1960s, China's position on North Korea's nuclear program in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the EU resolution to lift what remained of the arms embargo against Libya in the mid-2000s would appear to share little in common. Yet each of these seemingly unconnected and far-reaching foreign policy decisions resulted at least in part from the exercise of a unique kind of coercion, one predicated on the intentional creation, manipulation, and exploitation of real or threatened mass population movements. In Weapons of Mass Migration, Kelly M. Greenhill offers the first systematic examination of this widely deployed but largely unrecognized instrument of state influence. She shows both how often this unorthodox brand of coercion has been attempted (more than fifty times in the last half century) and how successful it has been (well over half the time). She also tackles the questions of who employs this policy tool, to what ends, and how and why it ever works.
Coercers aim to affect target states' behavior by exploiting the existence of competing political interests and groups, Greenhill argues, and by manipulating the costs or risks imposed on target state populations. This "coercion by punishment" strategy can be effected in two ways: the first relies on straightforward threats to overwhelm a target's capacity to accommodate a refugee or migrant influx; the second, on a kind of norms-enhanced political blackmail that exploits the existence of legal and normative commitments to those fleeing violence, persecution, or privation. The theory is further illustrated and tested in a variety of case studies from Europe, East Asia, and North America. To help potential targets better respond to-and protect themselves against-this kind of unconventional predation, Weapons of Mass Migration also offers practicable policy recommendations for scholars, government officials, and anyone concerned about the true victims of this kind of coercion—the displaced themselves.
This volume brings together scholars of Roman history, archaeology, history of political thought, Italian literature, and political philosophy to reflect upon the Roman Republic from its origins to the Principate (509–27 BC) by employing Gramsci’s concept of "hegemony". The use of hegemony as a category in historiographical interpretation is often limited to a cultural domination through consensus, especially in English-speaking scholarship, excluding any form of coercion. The volume aims to redress this disposition by appealing to a reading of Gramsci’s hegemony as a dialectical process: it proposes a collective use of Gramscian categories for the study of the political and social conflicts of the Roman Republic. After some theoretical contributions about these categories, and other philosophical approaches to the study of the Roman Republic (such as Machiavelli and Althusser), sections on "Urban Politics", "Imperialism and Provincial Administration", "Archaeology and Romanization", and "Political Narratives" explore Roman Politics and the internal conflict that characterized it in different geographical and chronological contexts, concluding with an "Epilogue" on the transition from the Republic to the Augustan Principate.
In asymmetric interstate conflicts, great powers have the capability to coerce weak states by threatening their survival--but not vice versa. It is therefore the great power that decides whether to escalate a conflict into a crisis by adopting a coercive strategy.
In practice, however, the coercive strategies of the U.S. have frequently failed. In Coercion, Survival and War Phil Haun chronicles 30 asymmetric interstate crises involving the US from 1918 to 2003. The U.S. chose coercive strategies in 23 of these cases, but coercion failed half of the time: most often because the more powerful U.S. made demands that threatened the very survival of the weak state, causing it to resist as long as it had the means to do so. It is an unfortunate paradox Haun notes that, where the U.S. may prefer brute force to coercion, these power asymmetries may well lead it to first attempt coercive strategies that are expected to fail in order to justify the war it desires.
He concludes that, when coercion is preferred to brute force there are clear limits as to what can be demanded. In such cases, he suggests, U.S. policymakers can improve the chances of success by matching appropriate threats to demands, by including other great powers in the coercive process, and by reducing a weak state leader's reputational costs by giving him or her face-saving options.
Автор: Jan-Willem Van der Rijt Название: The Importance of Assent ISBN: 9400737149 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789400737143 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 16464.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book argues that respect for persons as moral agents requires consideration of individuals` subjective moral judgments, independent of their validity or reasonableness. The focus is on coercion and domination, key ideas in moral and political theory.
Автор: Moses Khisa Название: The Autocratic Turn in Uganda: Clientelism, Coercion and Control ISBN: 1350323535 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781350323537 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 17345.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Autocratization in Contemporary Uganda analyses two interrelated outcomes: autocratisation, manifest in the deepening of personalist rule or Musevenism, and the regime resilience that has made Museveni one of Africa's current-longest surviving rulers. How has this feat been possible, and what has been the trajectory of Museveni’s increasingly autocratic rule?Surveying that trajectory since 1986, the book takes as its primary focus the years since 2005; bringing to the fore the ‘autocratic turn’, placing it within a broader comparative lens, and enriching it with comparative references to cases outside of Uganda. While positing the notion of 'autocratic adaptability' as a defining hallmark of Museveni’s rule, the book examines the factors and forces that have made that adaptability possible, analysing the dynamics around three keys themes: institutions, resources, and coalitions. Through empirical research, each chapter seeks to demonstrate how either one or two of these three variables have functioned in propelling autocratization and assuring regime resilience - producing theoretical and and comparative implications that reach beyond Uganda.
Автор: Busygina, Irina Название: Russia-EU Relations and the Common Neighborhood ISBN: 1032096616 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781032096612 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 6889.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Examining Russia-EU relations in terms of the forms and types of power tools they use, this book argues that the main source of tensions lies in deep differences in their preferences for the international status quo; the nature of the Russian state explains its routine use of coercion, while as a weak federal union, the EU is `doomed` to use too
Автор: Lopez, Orlando Название: Jane Mansbridge ISBN: 1032094710 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781032094717 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 6889.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This volume tracks the evolution of Mansbridge`s key contributions to democratic theory in participatory, institutional and feminist contexts through articles that span her entire career to date.
Автор: Booker Название: Coercion, Authority and Democracy ISBN: 3031168828 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783031168826 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 15855.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Classical liberalism has typically sought to maintain as much room as possible for the exercise of personal initiative in the face of the encroachment of states. This book explores these questions of coercion and authority in the context of the size and scope of the state and argues that the state and its agents should be held to the same moral rules as are the individuals it rules over. The book considers how a distinct feature of the state is its police or coercive power, about which one may ask how the state acquires it and what if anything would justify its use. It considers the implication that there is nothing inherent about state agents that entitles one to behave in ways that we would not accept from a private actor, and how once that argument is made, the state’s claim to authority is weakened. The author also discusses the extent to which democracy has been thought to provide any sort of justification for coercion or authority. This book will be of interest to academics and students of political philosophy, especially classical liberalism, and legal philosophy.
Автор: French, David (Professor Emeritus, Professor Emeritus, University College London) Название: Deterrence, Coercion, and Appeasement ISBN: 0192863355 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780192863355 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 15403.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: A compelling and original survey of British grand strategy in the inter-war period, underlining the inexorable relationships between foreign policy, grand strategy, military force, intelligence, finance and not least, domestic politics and public opinion.
Описание: Explores the fundamental role of the military in state-building in francophone postcolonial West Africa and how foreign economic and military aid has influenced it.How did African armed forces in postcolonial states in francophone West Africa influence decolonization and state-building in African states? How did foreign assistance from ex-colonial powers, the USSR and the US and colonial state structures influence political systems, and sometimes result in weak and unstable governance? This book explores the development of national militaries in Cote d'Ivoire, Dahomey (now Benin), Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Togo during the 1960s and 1970s. Revealing the strength of decision-making power by African political elites, the study also shows the decisive impact of foreign economic and military assistance on countries that did not experience a prolonged armed conflict. The author provides new insights into the way the decisions of African governments in building their national militaries impacted postcolonial states' autonomy, legitimacy, sovereign control and governance.In West Africa, during the 1960s, France sought to maintain exclusive relations with its former colonies through military assistance, economic aid and close personal relations with African political and military elites. State coercive capacities extended far beyond the strength of political institutions, with soldiers' assumption of political roles linked to the weaknesses of colonial and postcolonial structures. Disagreements between French and American officials, as well as Arab-Israeli and Sino-Russo conflicts, increased African presidents' opportunities to mobilize external resources. Yet in the late 1980s, it became evident that national militaries and police were often the main causes of personal insecurity, rather than providing protection, and that some economies remained weak and political structures unstable.This book is available as an Open Access ebook under the Creative Commons license CC-BY-NC. The open access version of this publication was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.
Описание: This work problematizes the AKP-led radical re-makingof the Turkish state by taking into consideration the constitutive role of crisis-riddenglobal neoliberal transformations on the domestic social and economic dynamics and processes.
Описание: This book offers insights into the development of social welfare policies by exploring the interconnections between policies and practice throughout history. It challenges tacitly accepted arguments that favour particular approaches to welfare, such as conditionality and eligibility. It provides examples of enduring social assumptions which influence the way we perform social welfare, such as the equivocal position of women in social welfare and the unintended consequences of reforms such as Universal Credit. By identifying continuities in welfare policy, practice and thought, it offers the potential for the development of new thinking, policy making and practice.
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